Media, Social Media, and Psychological Impact

Public Scrutiny and Online Abuse


Athletes increasingly operate under constant public observation. Social media exposes them to praise, criticism, and abuse in real time.


Online harassment has been linked to anxiety, erotic depression, and reduced self-esteem, particularly among younger athletes.



Managing Digital Exposure


Education on media literacy, digital boundaries, and coping strategies helps athletes navigate online environments more effectively.


Organizations share responsibility for addressing abuse and protecting athlete welfare.

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